微/纳米ZnO绒球的制备及对混合污水的光降解

以自制的谷氨酸-氟硼酸(GluBF4)离子液体水溶液为反应介质,以物质的量比为1∶6的二水合醋酸锌[Zn(Ac)2·2H2O]和NaOH为原料,室温(25℃,20min)制备前驱体,再微波辅助加热(80℃,10min)制备了纳米氧化锌粉体,获得了纳米结构微米尺寸ZnO绒球。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积(BET)、能谱(EDS)等对产物进行了表征。结果表明,所得产物为六方晶系纤锌矿结构,粉体粒径20.4nm,绒球比表面积为27.6m2/g。该纳米材料具有较高的光催化降解有机污染物活性。以紫外光为光源,50 mg微/纳米ZnO绒球为光降解催化剂,取500mL北京雪莲羊绒股份有限公司排污口混合印染污水进行光降解实验,在30min内光降解效率达到了100%,催化剂可回收重复利用,并对光降解机理进行了初步分析。     

钻杆内螺纹接头失效分析

介绍了葡北4-11井场新钻杆发生内螺纹接头失效事故的有关情况,对失效钻杆进行了宏观分析与断口微观分析以及材质理化检验,从钻杆结构和载荷两个方面探讨了发生失效事故的主要原因,并提出了改进建议。     

氟化镧对镍基自润滑合金力学性能及高温摩擦学特性的影响

用粉末冶金热压方法制备了含不同LaF3添加量的Ni-Cr-Mo-Al-Ti-B-MoS2-LaF3系宽温度范围自润滑合金，测试了合金力学性能及与Al2O3陶瓷配副下的高温摩擦磨损性能。研究结果表明，合金的力学性能随LaF3添加量的增加而降低，但其减摩耐磨能力随LaF3添加量的增加而提高。合金中的硫化物（CrxSy,Mo2S3和AlLaS3)是合金低温范围内（室温至300℃）自润滑的主要因素；高温摩擦时（400－700℃）合金表面氧化物和残余硫、镧的化合物及地偶表面转移膜中氧化物与复合氧化物的协同作用是摩擦因数进一步降低的原因。     

从钻杆管体断裂刺漏看推广内涂层钻杆的重要性

对吐哈油田胜火2号井Φ114.3mm钻杆断裂失效,温西3-517号井Φ114.3mm钻杆刺漏失效进行了分析;同时分析了推广内涂层钻杆的重要性和推广过程中存在的主要问题,提出了相应的对策。     

铝合金电磁低压铸造工艺试验及应用

研究了铝合金电磁低压铸造工艺参数关系及控制方法;通过试验及数学分析研究确定了电磁驱动力与电流、流量与电流之间的关系及计算模型,并进行了电磁低压铸造和气压低压铸造实际铸件性能对比。结果表明,电磁低压铸造的流量大小与电极电流成线性关系;并且当电极电流一定时,随出液口高度增加,流量减小,电磁低压铸造生产的铸件性能得到明显提高;电磁低压铸造方法比传统气压低压铸造控制过程更精确。     

一种新型振动下料机的PLC控制

在分析了新型振动下料机采用继电器－接触器控制方式存在不足的基础上，指出了对其进行PLC控制的必要性。分析了该振动下料机的基本构成及工作原理，建立了相应的液压系统。针对下料机正常工作对控制系统要求，确定了PLC的输入量及输出量，建立了PLC控制的硬件接线图，编制了相应的梯形图控制软件。大量实验验证了该控制方案的可行性和实用性。     

Micro cam system driven by electrostatic comb-drive actuators based on SOI-MEMS technology

Microsystem Technologies - This paper reports a design and fabrication process of a micro cam system (MCS) with a flat-faced translating follower. The cam rim with cover diameter of 2.4 mm...     

A printed circuit board capacitive sensor for air bubble inside fluidic flow detection

This paper presents a three-electrode capacitive fluidic sensor for detecting an air bubble inside a fluidic channel such as blood vessels, oil or medical liquid channels. The capacitor is designed and fabricated based on a printed circuit board (PCB). The electrodes are fabricated by using copper via structure through top to bottom surface of the PCB. A plastic pipe is layout through the capacitive sensor and perpendicular to the PCB surface. Capacitance of sensor changes when an air bubble inside fluidic flow cross the sensor. The capacitance change can be monitored by using a differential capacitive amplifier, a lock-in amplifier, filter and an NI acquisition card. Signal is processed and calculated on a computer. Air bubble inside the liquid flow are detected by monitor the unbalance signal between the three electrode potential voltages. Output voltage depends on the volume of the air bubble due to dielectric change between capacitor’s electrodes. Output voltage is up to 53 mV when an 2.28 mm³ air bubble crosses the sensing channel. Air bubble velocity can be estimated based on the output pulse signal. This proposed fluidic sensor can be used for void fraction detection in medical devices and systems; fluidic characterization; and water–gas, oil–water and oil–water–gas multiphase flows in petroleum technology. That structure also can apply to the micro-size for detecting in microfluidic to monitor and control changes in microfluidic channels.     

基于单片机的晶闸管触发器的设计与实现

设计了一种集同步电压检测、移相延迟角定时环节、触发脉冲时序分配等功能于一身的单片机控制的晶闸管触发器。采用软件实现了定时/计数、触发脉冲分配、双窄脉冲形成等功能。采用AT89C2051单片机实现三相全控桥式电路晶闸管的移相触发控制,降低了对单片机资源的需求。提出了用一个同步电压信号,通过触发脉冲延迟角的调整算法,实现了对称三相触发脉冲输出。设计中采用定时器计时同步方式,消除了干扰信号的影响,保证了三相桥式全控整流系统可靠工作。     

Stability,L2‐gain and asynchronous H ∞ control for continuous‐time switched systems

This paper is concerned with the stability and L₂‐gain problems for a class of continuous‐time linear switched systems with the existed asynchronous behaviors, where ‘asynchronous’ means that the switching of the controllers to be designed has a lag to the switching of the system modes. Firstly, a new sufficient condition on the asymptotic stability and weighted L₂‐gain analysis is obtained by using multiple Lyapunov functions combined with the average dwell time technique. Moreover, a result that is formulated in form of linear matrix inequalities is derived for the problem of asynchronous H _∞ control. Based on the result, the mode‐dependent controllers can be designed. Finally, an illustrative numerical example is presented to show the effectiveness of the obtained results.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.